Analyser les "wait statistics"

L'analyse des "wait statistics" est une des approches de diagnostic d'une instance SQL Server. Cela consiste à identifier quelles sont les attentes principales des threads de travail de SQL Server.

Une question souvent posée : pourquoi voit-on des requêtes dont le statut est "SUSPENDED", est-ce un problème ? La réponse est : ça dépend !

Une requête en cours d'utilisation du CPU a le statut "RUNNING"
Dès que le thread doit attendre une ressource (par exemple une lecture sur disque), la requête passe en statut "SUSPENDED"
En attendant, SQL Server traite les threads suivants de sa file d'attente (FIFO : premier thread entré, premier sorti)
Lorsque la ressource attendue devient disponible, le thread en statut "SUSPENDED" est ajouté à la fin de la file d'attente et passe en statut "RUNNABLE".
Il va remonter la file d'attente puis pouvoir continuer son traitement et passer de nouveau en "RUNNING" à ce moment.
Cela jusqu'à la prochaine demande de ressource, où il recommence ce cycle : RUNNING -> SUSPENDED -> RUNNABLE -> RUNNING -> etc...

Donc, un grand nombre de requêtes passent, à un instant donné par le statut SUSPENDED. Identifier combien de temps les requêtes restent dans cet état, et quel type de ressources elles attendent va nous donner de précieuses informations sur le fonctionnement (ou la saturation) de notre instance. SQL Server traque et cumule les durées passées entre deux status RUNNING, et aussi la durée passée dans la file RUNABLE. On pourra donc connaître le temps passé en statut SUSPENDU avec une simple soustraction.

Le "gourou" des wait statistics est l'expert américain Paul Randal. La requête que vous trouverez dans son article bien connu est largement utilisée par les DBA du monde entier. Le site de SQLSkills.com maintient aussi un catalogue des types d'attentes, ce qui permet de savoir à quelle activité (ou anomalie) elles correspondent. Avec sa requête que je reproduis ci-dessous et un peu d'habitude, on pourra donc souvent détecter rapidement quelle est la cause principale d'un problème de performances et par quel bout commencer les investigations :

-- Last updated February 26, 2019
WITH [Waits] AS
    (SELECT
        [wait_type],
        [wait_time_ms] / 1000.0 AS [WaitS],
        ([wait_time_ms] - [signal_wait_time_ms]) / 1000.0 AS [ResourceS],
        [signal_wait_time_ms] / 1000.0 AS [SignalS],
        [waiting_tasks_count] AS [WaitCount],
        100.0 * [wait_time_ms] / SUM ([wait_time_ms]) OVER() AS [Percentage],
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY [wait_time_ms] DESC) AS [RowNum]
    FROM sys.dm_os_wait_stats
    WHERE [wait_type] NOT IN (
        -- These wait types are almost 100% never a problem and so they are
        -- filtered out to avoid them skewing the results. Click on the URL
        -- for more information.
        N'BROKER_EVENTHANDLER', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/BROKER_EVENTHANDLER
        N'BROKER_RECEIVE_WAITFOR', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/BROKER_RECEIVE_WAITFOR
        N'BROKER_TASK_STOP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/BROKER_TASK_STOP
        N'BROKER_TO_FLUSH', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/BROKER_TO_FLUSH
        N'BROKER_TRANSMITTER', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/BROKER_TRANSMITTER
        N'CHECKPOINT_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/CHECKPOINT_QUEUE
        N'CHKPT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/CHKPT
        N'CLR_AUTO_EVENT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/CLR_AUTO_EVENT
        N'CLR_MANUAL_EVENT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/CLR_MANUAL_EVENT
        N'CLR_SEMAPHORE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/CLR_SEMAPHORE
        N'CXCONSUMER', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/CXCONSUMER

        -- Maybe comment these four out if you have mirroring issues
        N'DBMIRROR_DBM_EVENT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/DBMIRROR_DBM_EVENT
        N'DBMIRROR_EVENTS_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/DBMIRROR_EVENTS_QUEUE
        N'DBMIRROR_WORKER_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/DBMIRROR_WORKER_QUEUE
        N'DBMIRRORING_CMD', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/DBMIRRORING_CMD

        N'DIRTY_PAGE_POLL', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/DIRTY_PAGE_POLL
        N'DISPATCHER_QUEUE_SEMAPHORE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/DISPATCHER_QUEUE_SEMAPHORE
        N'EXECSYNC', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/EXECSYNC
        N'FSAGENT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/FSAGENT
        N'FT_IFTS_SCHEDULER_IDLE_WAIT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/FT_IFTS_SCHEDULER_IDLE_WAIT
        N'FT_IFTSHC_MUTEX', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/FT_IFTSHC_MUTEX

        -- Maybe comment these six out if you have AG issues
        N'HADR_CLUSAPI_CALL', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/HADR_CLUSAPI_CALL
        N'HADR_FILESTREAM_IOMGR_IOCOMPLETION', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/HADR_FILESTREAM_IOMGR_IOCOMPLETION
        N'HADR_LOGCAPTURE_WAIT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/HADR_LOGCAPTURE_WAIT
        N'HADR_NOTIFICATION_DEQUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/HADR_NOTIFICATION_DEQUEUE
        N'HADR_TIMER_TASK', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/HADR_TIMER_TASK
        N'HADR_WORK_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/HADR_WORK_QUEUE

        N'KSOURCE_WAKEUP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/KSOURCE_WAKEUP
        N'LAZYWRITER_SLEEP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/LAZYWRITER_SLEEP
        N'LOGMGR_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/LOGMGR_QUEUE
        N'MEMORY_ALLOCATION_EXT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/MEMORY_ALLOCATION_EXT
        N'ONDEMAND_TASK_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/ONDEMAND_TASK_QUEUE
        N'PARALLEL_REDO_DRAIN_WORKER', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PARALLEL_REDO_DRAIN_WORKER
        N'PARALLEL_REDO_LOG_CACHE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PARALLEL_REDO_LOG_CACHE
        N'PARALLEL_REDO_TRAN_LIST', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PARALLEL_REDO_TRAN_LIST
        N'PARALLEL_REDO_WORKER_SYNC', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PARALLEL_REDO_WORKER_SYNC
        N'PARALLEL_REDO_WORKER_WAIT_WORK', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PARALLEL_REDO_WORKER_WAIT_WORK
        N'PREEMPTIVE_OS_FLUSHFILEBUFFERS', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PREEMPTIVE_OS_FLUSHFILEBUFFERS 
        N'PREEMPTIVE_XE_GETTARGETSTATE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PREEMPTIVE_XE_GETTARGETSTATE
        N'PWAIT_ALL_COMPONENTS_INITIALIZED', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PWAIT_ALL_COMPONENTS_INITIALIZED
        N'PWAIT_DIRECTLOGCONSUMER_GETNEXT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/PWAIT_DIRECTLOGCONSUMER_GETNEXT
        N'QDS_PERSIST_TASK_MAIN_LOOP_SLEEP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/QDS_PERSIST_TASK_MAIN_LOOP_SLEEP
        N'QDS_ASYNC_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/QDS_ASYNC_QUEUE
        N'QDS_CLEANUP_STALE_QUERIES_TASK_MAIN_LOOP_SLEEP',
            -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/QDS_CLEANUP_STALE_QUERIES_TASK_MAIN_LOOP_SLEEP
        N'QDS_SHUTDOWN_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/QDS_SHUTDOWN_QUEUE
        N'REDO_THREAD_PENDING_WORK', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/REDO_THREAD_PENDING_WORK
        N'REQUEST_FOR_DEADLOCK_SEARCH', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/REQUEST_FOR_DEADLOCK_SEARCH
        N'RESOURCE_QUEUE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/RESOURCE_QUEUE
        N'SERVER_IDLE_CHECK', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SERVER_IDLE_CHECK
        N'SLEEP_BPOOL_FLUSH', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_BPOOL_FLUSH
        N'SLEEP_DBSTARTUP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_DBSTARTUP
        N'SLEEP_DCOMSTARTUP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_DCOMSTARTUP
        N'SLEEP_MASTERDBREADY', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_MASTERDBREADY
        N'SLEEP_MASTERMDREADY', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_MASTERMDREADY
        N'SLEEP_MASTERUPGRADED', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_MASTERUPGRADED
        N'SLEEP_MSDBSTARTUP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_MSDBSTARTUP
        N'SLEEP_SYSTEMTASK', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_SYSTEMTASK
        N'SLEEP_TASK', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_TASK
        N'SLEEP_TEMPDBSTARTUP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SLEEP_TEMPDBSTARTUP
        N'SNI_HTTP_ACCEPT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SNI_HTTP_ACCEPT
        N'SOS_WORK_DISPATCHER', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SOS_WORK_DISPATCHER
        N'SP_SERVER_DIAGNOSTICS_SLEEP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SP_SERVER_DIAGNOSTICS_SLEEP
        N'SQLTRACE_BUFFER_FLUSH', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SQLTRACE_BUFFER_FLUSH
        N'SQLTRACE_INCREMENTAL_FLUSH_SLEEP', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SQLTRACE_INCREMENTAL_FLUSH_SLEEP
        N'SQLTRACE_WAIT_ENTRIES', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/SQLTRACE_WAIT_ENTRIES
        N'VDI_CLIENT_OTHER', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/VDI_CLIENT_OTHER
        N'WAIT_FOR_RESULTS', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAIT_FOR_RESULTS
        N'WAITFOR', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAITFOR
        N'WAITFOR_TASKSHUTDOWN', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAITFOR_TASKSHUTDOWN
        N'WAIT_XTP_RECOVERY', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAIT_XTP_RECOVERY
        N'WAIT_XTP_HOST_WAIT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAIT_XTP_HOST_WAIT
        N'WAIT_XTP_OFFLINE_CKPT_NEW_LOG', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAIT_XTP_OFFLINE_CKPT_NEW_LOG
        N'WAIT_XTP_CKPT_CLOSE', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/WAIT_XTP_CKPT_CLOSE
        N'XE_DISPATCHER_JOIN', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/XE_DISPATCHER_JOIN
        N'XE_DISPATCHER_WAIT', -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/XE_DISPATCHER_WAIT
        N'XE_TIMER_EVENT' -- https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/XE_TIMER_EVENT
        )
    AND [waiting_tasks_count] > 0
    )
SELECT
    MAX ([W1].[wait_type]) AS [WaitType],
    CAST (MAX ([W1].[WaitS]) AS DECIMAL (16,2)) AS [Wait_S],
    CAST (MAX ([W1].[ResourceS]) AS DECIMAL (16,2)) AS [Resource_S],
    CAST (MAX ([W1].[SignalS]) AS DECIMAL (16,2)) AS [Signal_S],
    MAX ([W1].[WaitCount]) AS [WaitCount],
    CAST (MAX ([W1].[Percentage]) AS DECIMAL (5,2)) AS [Percentage],
    CAST ((MAX ([W1].[WaitS]) / MAX ([W1].[WaitCount])) AS DECIMAL (16,4)) AS [AvgWait_S],
    CAST ((MAX ([W1].[ResourceS]) / MAX ([W1].[WaitCount])) AS DECIMAL (16,4)) AS [AvgRes_S],
    CAST ((MAX ([W1].[SignalS]) / MAX ([W1].[WaitCount])) AS DECIMAL (16,4)) AS [AvgSig_S],
    CAST ('https://www.sqlskills.com/help/waits/' + MAX ([W1].[wait_type]) as XML) AS [Help/Info URL]
FROM [Waits] AS [W1]
INNER JOIN [Waits] AS [W2] ON [W2].[RowNum] <= [W1].[RowNum]
GROUP BY [W1].[RowNum]
HAVING SUM ([W2].[Percentage]) - MAX( [W1].[Percentage] ) < 95; -- percentage threshold
GO

Les wait stats sont cumulées depuis le démarrage de l'instance, ou depuis le dernier vidage de la dmv avec la commande :

DBCC SQLPERF('sys.dm_os_wait_stats', CLEAR)

Il est donc utile de savoir depuis quand ces statistiques sont accumulées (et donc quand elles ont été vidées). Cela peut être obtenu à partir des deux requêtes suivantes :

Savoir de quand date le dernier démarrage de l'instance :

/* check SQL Server start time - 2008 and higher *
SELECT
[sqlserver_start_time]
FROM [sys].[dm_os_sys_info];

Savoir quand la trace de capture des wait stats a été vidée :

SELECT
DATEADD(s,-[wait_time_ms]/1000,GETDATE()) AS [Date/TimeCleared],
CASE
WHEN [wait_time_ms] < 1000 THEN CAST([wait_time_ms] AS VARCHAR(15)) + ' ms'
WHEN [wait_time_ms] between 1000 and 60000 THEN CAST(([wait_time_ms]/1000) AS VARCHAR(15)) + ' seconds'
WHEN [wait_time_ms] between 60001 and 3600000 THEN CAST(([wait_time_ms]/60000) AS VARCHAR(15)) + ' minutes'
WHEN [wait_time_ms] between 3600001 and 86400000 THEN CAST(([wait_time_ms]/3600000) AS VARCHAR(15)) + ' hours'
WHEN [wait_time_ms] > 86400000 THEN CAST(([wait_time_ms]/86400000) AS VARCHAR(15)) + ' days'
END [TimeSinceCleared]
FROM [sys].[dm_os_wait_stats]
WHERE [wait_type] = 'SQLTRACE_INCREMENTAL_FLUSH_SLEEP';

Bonne chasse au wait stats !

Datafly.pro

Analyser les "wait statistics"

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